Associations between sociodemographic factors and physical activity and sedentary behaviors in adults with chronic diseases during COVID-19 pandemic.

The pandemic of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) may be affecting the physical activity (PA) level in much of the population. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior (SB) among adults with chronic diseases and their associations with sociodemographic factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study included 249 participants (age: 18-91 years; 61.4% female) with chronic conditions and attended the Family Health Strategy program in a small town in Brazil. Data were collected between 2020-07-13 and 2020-07-24 by face-to-face interviews. Self-reported PA, sitting time, chronic diseases, medication use, sociodemographic data, and self-isolation adherence were obtained by questionnaire. During this specific time point of the COVID-19 pandemic, 71.5% of participants did not meet the PA recommendations (≥500 METs-min/week), and the prevalence of SB risk (≥4 h sitting) was 62.7%. Adjusted logistic regression indicated that male participants (odds ratio [OR]: 1.89 [95% CI 1.02-3.53]), living alone (OR: 2.92 [95% CI 1.03-8.30]) or in a two-person household (OR: 2.32 [95% CI 1.16-4.63]), and those who reported sometimes performing self-isolation (OR: 3.07 [95% CI 1.47-6.40]) were more likely to meet the minimum PA recommendations. Current smokers had a lower odds (OR: 0.36 [95% CI 0.14-0.95]) of meeting the PA recommendations. Older participants (OR: 2.18 [95% CI 1.06-4.50]) and those who had multimorbidity (OR: 1.92 [95% CI 1.07-3.44]) were more likely to have a higher degree of SB. There is an urgent need to mitigate physical inactivity and SB, and public health interventions must take into account sociodemographic status.

Níveis de estresse, ansiedade, depressão e fatores associados durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em praticantes de Yoga

A pandemia do novo coronavírus (COVID-19) e a crise de saúde pública tem gerado estresse em toda a população. O presente estudo teve como objetivo examinar a prática de Yoga e a sua relação com os níveis de ansiedade, depressão e estresse durante a pandemia de COVID-19. O estudo foi baseado em um questionário on-line anônimo aplicado entre 19 e 26 de maio de 2020, com questões sociodemográficas, sobre a prática de Yoga durante a pandemia e a Escala de Ansiedade Depressão e Estresse (DASS-21). Duzentos e treze participantes completaram o questionário. No geral, foram observados 12,2%, 12,2% e 8,0% de sintomas severos para estresse, ansiedade e depressão, respectivamente. Na análise de regressão logística (expressos em odds ratio;intervalo de confiança de 95%), participantes mais velhos tiveram menores chances de apresentar sintomas severos de estresse (OR = 0,30;IC95%: 0,13 ­ 0,70) e depressão (OR = 0,34;IC95%: 0,12 - 0,92), enquanto o tabagismo aumentou as chances (OR = 7,71;IC95%: 2,36 - 25,21) de sintomas severos de ansiedade. Uma maior experiência na prática de Yoga reduz significativamente as chances de apresentar sintomas severos de estresse (OR = 0,34;IC95% 0,14 - 0,83) e ansiedade (OR = 0,37;IC95% = 0,15 - 0,91). Ademais, houve menores chances de apresentar sintomas severos de estresse em praticantes que realizam um maior número de sessão semanal durante a pandemia (OR = 0,09;IC95% = 0,01 - 0,88), e de sintomas depressivos para aqueles que conseguiram manter a frequência da prática em relação ao período antes da pandemia (OR = 0,23;IC95%: 0,06 - 0,84). Nossos dados observacionais sugerem que praticantes mais experientes e que realizam mais sessões semanal reportam menor impacto psicológico durante a pandemia por COVID-19 The pandemic of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) and the public health crisis has generated stress in the entire population. The present study aimed to examine the practice of Yoga and its relationship with the levels of anxiety, depression, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was based on an anonymous online questionnaire applied between 19 and 26 May 2020, with sociodemographic questions, on the prac-tice of Yoga during the pandemic and the Depression and Stress Anxiety Scale (DASS-21). Two hundred and thirteen participants completed the questionnaire. Overall, 12.2%, 12.2%, and 8.0% of severe symptoms for stress, anxiety, and depression were observed, respectively. In the logistic regression analysis (considering odds ratio;95% confidence interval), older participants were less likely to have severe symptoms of stress (OR = 0.30;95%CI: 0.13 ­ 0.70) and depression (OR = 0.34;95%CI: 0.12 - 0.92), while smoking increased the chances (OR = 7.7;95%CI: 2.36 - 25.21) of severe anxiety symptoms. Greater experience in Yoga practice significantly reduces the chances of experiencing severe symptoms of stress (OR = 0.34;95%IC 0.14 - 0.83) and anxiety (OR = 0.37;95%IC: 0.15 - 0.91). Also, there is a reduction in the chances of experiencing severe symptoms of stress in practitioners who perform a greater number of weekly sessions during the pandemic (OR = 0.09;95%IC: 0.01 - 0.88) and a reduction in depressive symptoms for those who managed to maintain the frequency of the practice in relation to the period before the pandemic (OR = 0.23;95%IC: 0.06 - 0.84). Our observational data suggest that more experienced practitioners who have more weekly sessions report less psychological impact during the COVID-19 pandemic